Angina is chest pain or discomfort that occurs when an area of your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood.
Symptoms of angina may feel like pressure or squeezing in your chest. The pain also may occur in your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. It can feel like indigestion.
Angina itself isn't a disease. Rather, it's a symptom of an underlying heart problem. Angina is usually a symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common type of heart disease.
Coronary artery disease occurs when a fatty material called plaque builds up on the inner walls of the coronary arteries.
These arteries carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart. When plaque builds up in the arteries, the condition is called atherosclerosis.
Plaque causes the coronary arteries to become narrow and stiff. The flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle is reduced. This causes pain and can lead to a heart attack.
The three types of angina are stable, unstable, and variant (Prinzmetal's). Knowing how the types are different is important. This is because they have different symptoms and require different treatment.
1) Stable Angina
Stable angina is the most common type. It occurs when the heart is working harder than usual. Stable angina has a regular pattern. If you know you have stable angina, you can learn to recognize the pattern and predict when the pain will occur.
The pain usually goes away in a few minutes after you rest or take your angina medicine.
Stable angina isn't a heart attack, but it makes a heart attack more likely in the future.
2) Unstable Angina
Unstable angina doesn't follow a pattern. It can occur with or without physical exertion and isn't relieved by rest or medicine.
Unstable angina is very dangerous and needs emergency treatment. It's a sign that a heart attack may happen soon.
3) Variant Angina ( Prinzmetal's )
Variant angina is rare. It usually occurs while you're at rest. The pain can be severe. It usually happens between midnight and early morning. This type of angina is relieved by medicine.
The following brief video clip "Angina Symptoms and Treatment," gives a clear explanation of angina and how to deal with it.
Click on the arrow in the center of the screen to begin viewing.
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Overview
It's thought that nearly 7 million people in the United States suffer from angina. About 400,000 patients go to their doctors with new cases of angina every year.
Angina occurs equally in men and women. It can be a sign of heart disease, even when initial tests don't show evidence of CAD.
Not all chest pain or discomfort is angina. A heart attack, lung problems (such as an infection or a blood clot), heartburn, or a panic attack also can cause chest pain or discomfort. All chest pain should be checked by a doctor.
What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Angina?
Pain and discomfort are the main symptoms of angina. Angina is often described as pressure, squeezing, burning, or tightness in the chest. It usually starts in the chest behind the breastbone.
Pain from angina also can occur in the arms, shoulders, neck, jaw, throat, or back. It may feel like indigestion.
Some people say that angina discomfort is hard to describe or that they can't tell exactly where the pain is coming from.
Symptoms of angina such as nausea (feeling sick to your stomach), fatigue (tiredness), shortness of breath, sweating, light-headedness, or weakness also may occur. Women are more likely to feel discomfort in their back, shoulders, and abdomen.
* Occurs when the heart must work harder, usually during physical exertion
* Doesn't come as a surprise, and episodes of pain tend to be alike
* Usually lasts a short time (5 minutes or less)
* Is relieved by rest or medicine
* May feel like gas or indigestion
* May feel like chest pain that spreads to the arms, back, or other areas
* Unstable Angina
The pain or discomfort:
* Often occurs at rest, while sleeping at night, or with little physical exertion
* Comes as a surprise
* Is more severe and lasts longer (as long as 30 minutes) than episodes of stable angina
* Is usually not relieved with rest or medicine
* May get continually worse
* May mean that a heart attack will happen soon
Variant Angina
The pain or discomfort:
* Usually occurs at rest and during the night or early morning hours
* Tends to be severe
* Is relieved by medicine
* Lasting Chest Pain
Chest pain that lasts longer than a few minutes and isn't relieved by rest or angina medicine may mean you're having (or are about to have) a heart attack. Call 9𢴏 right away.
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