Transplants are done as a life-saving measure for end-stage heart failure when medical treatment and less drastic surgery have failed.
Because donor hearts are in short supply, patients who need a heart transplant go through a careful selection process. They need to be sick enough to need a new heart, yet healthy enough to receive it.
Survival rates for people receiving a heart transplant have improved over the past 5 to 10 years—especially in the first year after the transplant.
About 88 percent of patients survive the first year after transplant surgery, and 72 percent survive for 5 years. The 10-year survival rate is close to 50 percent, and 16 percent of heart transplant patients survive 20 years.
After the surgery, most heart transplant recipients (about 90 percent) can come close to resuming their normal daily activities. However, fewer than 40 percent return to work for many different reasons.
The Heart Transplant Process
The transplant process starts when doctors refer patients with end-stage heart failure to a heart transplant center for evaluation.
Patients found to be eligible for a heart transplant are placed on a waiting list for a donor heart. Waiting times for a donor heart vary from days to several months.
Heart transplant surgery usually takes about 4 hours. Patients might spend the first days after surgery in the intensive care unit of the hospital.
The amount of time a heart transplant recipient spends in the hospital will vary with each person. It often involves 1 to 2 weeks in the hospital and 3 months of monitoring by the transplant team at the heart transplant center.
Once home, patients must carefully check and manage their health status. Patients will work with the transplant team to protect the new heart by:
* watching for signs of rejection
* managing the transplant medicines and their side effects
* preventing infections, and continuing treatment of ongoing medical conditions.
The following heart transplant video, entitled "An Angel's Heart," tells the emotionally moving story of a 9 year old Israeli boy, who's heart was used to save the life of a young Arab girl.
Get your handkerchief ready, this is a real tear jerker.
Click on the arrow in the center of the screen to begin viewing the heart transplant video.
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Risks of heart transplant include:
* failure of the donor heart
* complications from medicines
* infection
* cancer
* and problems that arise from not following lifelong health care plans.
Lifelong health care includes taking multiple medicines on a strict schedule, watching for signs and symptoms of complications, keeping all medical appointments, and stopping unhealthy behaviors such as smoking.
Survival rates for people receiving a heart transplant have improved over the past 5–10 years—especially in the first year after the transplant.
About 88% of patients survive the first year after transplant surgery.
After the surgery, most heart transplant recipients (about 90%) can come close to resuming their normal daily activities.
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